École Polytechnique

نویسندگان

  • Pedro Ribeiro
  • Rémy Mosseri
چکیده

This report presents quantum walks which are the quantum counterparts of classical random walks. Quantum walks are first defined on general graphs and the possibility of very different behavior between a classical random walk and its quantum analogue is illustrated with a simple graph. A generalization of the quantum walk protocol for a particle in a one-dimensional chain, by using several types of biased quantum coins, is presented. We study the evolution of the system when different types of sequences are applied. Quasiperiodic sequences, following the Fibonacci prescription, are of particular interest, leading to a sub-ballistic wave function spreading. In contrast, random sequences leads to diffusive spreading, similar to the classical random walk behavior. We describe qualitatively how to experimentally implement this processes. Resumé Ce rapport présent la marche quantique qui est une contrepartie possible de la marche aléatoire classique dans le monde quantique. Nous donnons une définition générale des marches quantiques sur des graphes et illustrons avec un graphe simple la possibilité d’obtenir un comportement très différent entre une marche aléatoire classique et son analogue quantique. Une généralisation du protocole de la marche quantique pour une particule dans une châıne unidimensionnelle, en employant plusieurs types de pièces quantiques non équilibrées, est présentée. Nous étudions l’évolution du système quand différents types de séquences sont appliqués. Les séquences quasiperiodiques, suivant la prescription de Fibonacci, sont d’intérêt particulier, menant à une propagation sous-balistique de fonction d’onde. En contraste, les séquences aléatoires mènent à une propagation diffusive, semblable au comportement classique da la marche aléatoire. Nous décrivons aussi comment implémenter expérimentalement un tel processus. Thanks The author thanks Professors Rémy Mosseri and Perola Milman for all their support, helpfulness and endless patience. For them the best expression of his gratitude. Personal Remarks This report was the result of a stage at Groupe de Physique des Solides under the tutorial guidance of Professor Rémy Mosseri and in close collaboration with Professor Perola Milman. The integration in the research team was easy and the ambiance was informal and quite friendly. The research subject is extremely interesting and well connected with my previous knowledges. It allowed me to discover an interesting new field the Quantum Information and to improve and extend my knowledges about Quantum Mechanics.

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تاریخ انتشار 2004